As you seem to be aware, non-sexual dating would be legal in California between a 21 year old and a 16 year old. There might be exposure under other laws such as contributing to the delinquency of a minor but no unlawful sexual

Can a 21 year old date a minor in California?

Yes, so long as the relationship is not sexual. If they have sexual intercourse, the 21-year-old can face criminal charges for statutory rape if they are not married. The penalties for statutory rape carry up to 3 years in jail.

Can a 16 year old date a 23 year old in California?

You cannot get married until you are at least 16 and get your parents agreement. You can date but you cannot have sexual relations with him or he can go to jail or prison.

Can a 16 year old date a 22 year old in LA?

Yes, absolutely yes. A 16 year old and 22 year old are miles apart in development.